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Italy Sculpture
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Photographs

Photographs

A collection of photographs and negatives taken by George Oliver dating from 1948-1990 (apart from two dated c1897). George arranged his photographs into folders by approximate subject matter and gave each folder a title. This has been reflected in the catalogue with the folder titles in the catalogue being the exact titles George used. The folders have been arranged by subject matter where possible. There are exceptions to the above. Folders DC 066/2/20 and DC 066/2/86 have not been given a title by George and have been catalogued as 'Untitled'. There are exceptions to this with DC 066/2/78 containing photographs taken by Cordelia Oliver as they date from after George's death. As a result of the Mackintosh Building fire in 2014, folders DC 066/2/87, DC 066/2/88 and DC 066/2/89 contain photographs that have been rehoused since their deposit and are likely to have been taken out of other folders. It is not clear from which folders these photographs came originally, so they have been catalogued separately with their titles reflecting the subject matter of the photographs they contain.

Oliver, George

The Giusti Plaster Cast Collection

  • GST
  • Collection
  • Late 19th century-mid 20th century

Collection of items related to the Glasgow based firm J. Giusti & Co. which specialized in the production of plaster figures, mould making, statuary repair, and other plaster work. The collection is primarily composed of plaster busts and portraits, six moulds, and two medals. The casts and moulds are formed after a range of sculptural styles including ancient Greek and Roman, French Gothic, Italian Renaissance, and 19th century anatomical studies.

The Giusti Plaster Cast Collection highlights mould making and casting processes that were used to produce objects for retail and to repair existing plaster casts. Records from The Glasgow School of Art document purchases and repairs from J. Giusti & Co. from as early as 1890, and casts related to those in the collection were widely used as teaching and learning tools at the GSA through at least mid-20th century.

As most of the items in the collection were used in commercial casting processes, very few items have a plain white, white washed, or decoratively painted surface that are often observed in plaster cast collections. Many of the plaster casts and all of the plaster moulds are widely covered with uneven layers of shellac that appear yellow, red, or brown. Shellac was applied as a sealant and resist agent to prevent existing plaster elements from sticking to fresh plaster elements during the casting process.

In addition to the plaster casts and plaster moulds, several items provide further insights into the material processes employed by J. Giusti & Co. Two medals (likely bronze) showcase the company's involvement with mould making for metal casting, and a gelatine mould is a surviving example of a traditional process used to produce detailed casts in small quantities.

Proudfoot, Alexander

Plaster cast of Antinous

Original: Statue of a young nude male found at Hadrian's Villa, Tivoli c1730. Antinous (November 29, 111-October 30, 130) was a member of the entourage of the Roman Emperor Hadrian, to whom he was beloved. Original currently in the collection of The Capitoline, Rome, Italy.

Plaster cast of Apoxyomenos (Vatican Apoxyomenos)

Plaster cast of Apoxyomenos (Vatican Apoxyomenos)

  • PC/002
  • Item
  • Mid 19th century-early 20th century

    • Part of Plaster Casts

This item was lost in the fire in The Mackintosh Building at The Glasgow School of Art on 15th June 2018.

Original: An athlete, caught in the familiar act of scraping sweat and dust from his body with the small curved instrument that the Romans called a strigil. This cast is of the legs of the cast only. Original currently in the collection of the Museo Pio-Clementino in the Vatican, Rome, Italy.

Plaster cast of Augustus of Primaporta

This item was lost in the fire in The Mackintosh Building at The Glasgow School of Art on 15th June 2018.

Original: Statue of Augustus Caesar which was discovered on April 20, 1863, in the Villa of Livia at Prima Porta, near Rome. Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (23 Sep 63BC-19 Aug AD14) was the first ruler of the Roman Empire, which he ruled alone from January 27BC until his death in AD14. Original currently in the collection of the Braccio Nuovo of the Vatican, Rome, Italy.

Plaster cast of the Belvedere Apollo (also called Pythian Apollo)

Plaster cast of the Belvedere Apollo (also called Pythian Apollo)

This item was lost in the fire in The Mackintosh Building at The Glasgow School of Art on 15th June 2018.

Original: The Apollo is thought to be a Roman copy of Hadrianic date (120 - 140 BC) of a lost bronze original made between 350 and 325 BC by the Greek sculptor Leochares. Statue depicts the Greek god Apollo, who has just overtaken the serpent Python, the cthonic serpent of Delphi. Apollo has been variously recognized as a god of light and the sun; truth and prophecy; archery; medicine, healing and plague; music, poetry, and the arts; and more. Apollo is the son of Zeus and Leto, and has a twin sister, the chaste huntress Artemis. Listed in first catalogue of casts as Greco-Roman and from the Vatican Museum, and purchased from D. Brucciani. Original currently in the collection of the Vatican Museum, Rome, italy.

Plaster cast of Apollo Sauroctonos (Lizard Slayer)

  • PC/006
  • Item
  • Mid 19th century-early 20th century

    • Part of Plaster Casts

This item was lost in the fire in The Mackintosh Building at The Glasgow School of Art on 15th June 2018.

Original: This cast is of a 1st - 2nd century AD Roman marble copy of the Praxiteles original (Bronze, attributed by Pliny). It shows a nude adolescent male about to catch a lizard climbing up a tree. The left arm, the right hand and the lizard's head are modern restorations. It could indirectly refer to Apollo's fight against the serpent Python or, if the lizard is an attribute of the god, it could show Apollo in his purifying function, as a destroyer of plagues. Original currently in the collection of the Louvre, Paris, France.

Plaster cast of Standing Discobolus (Discophoros)

Original: Discovered in 1781 on Esquiline Hill. Considered to be a copy of an earlier Greek original. The popularity of the sculpture in antiquity was no doubt due to its representation of the athletic ideal. Discus-throwing was the first element in the pentathlon, and while pentathletes were in some ways considered inferior to those athletes who excelled at a particular sport, their physical appearance was much admired. This was because no one particular set of muscles was over-developed, with the result that their proportions were harmonious. Listed in the first catalogue of casts as Greek, located in Vatican and bought from Brucciani. Original currently in the collection of the Louvre, Paris, France.
Photographed in GSA 1915.

Plaster cast of Crouching Discobolos

Plaster cast of Crouching Discobolos

This item was lost in the fire in The Mackintosh Building at The Glasgow School of Art on 15th June 2018.

Original: The Discobolus of Myron is a famous lost Greek bronze original that was completed towards the end of the Severe period, c460-450 BC. It is known through numerous Roman copies, both full-scale ones in marble, such as the first to be recovered, the Palombara Discobolus, or smaller scaled versions in bronze. Bought from Brucciani. Original currently in the collection of the British Museum, London, UK.

Plaster cast of Germanicus (Marcellus)

  • PC/011A
  • Item
  • Mid 19th century-early 20th century

    • Part of Plaster Casts

This item was lost in the fire in The Mackintosh Building at The Glasgow School of Art on 15th June 2018.

Original: The original scaled Roman statue of c50BC by the sculptor Kleomenes. The Nude male statue, erroneously identified as Germanicus, a member of the family of the Emperor Augustus, probably should be considered a portrait of a member of a wealthy family of the late Republic. Original currently in the collection of the Louvre, Paris, France.

Plaster cast of Germanicus (Marcellus)

Plaster cast of Germanicus (Marcellus)

  • PC/011B
  • Item
  • Mid 19th century-early 20th century

    • Part of Plaster Casts

This item was lost in the fire in The Mackintosh Building at The Glasgow School of Art on 15th June 2018.

Original: The original scaled Roman statue of c50BC by the sculptor Kleomenes. The Nude male statue, erroneously identified as Germanicus, a member of the family of the Emperor Augustus, probably should be considered a portrait of a member of a wealthy family of the late Republic. Original currently in the collection of the Louvre, Paris, France.

Plaster cast of Laocoon and his Sons

This item was lost in the fire in The Mackintosh Building at The Glasgow School of Art on 15th June 2018. All that remains is a fragment of a hand.

Original: This statue group was found in 1506 on the Esquiline Hill in Rome and immediately identified as the Laocoon described by Pliny the Elder as a masterpiece of the sculptors of Rhodes: Agesander, Athenodoros and Polydorus around 40-30 BC. It shows the Trojan priest Laocoon and his sons Antiphantes and Thymbraeus being strangled by sea serpents. In 1587 Giovanni Battista Armenini's treatise on painting and recommended all students to draw from the casts of the finest statues in Rome- 'the Laocoon, the Hercules, the Apollo, the Great Torso....' of the Belvedere. Listed in first catalogue as Greco-Roman and that the original is located in the Vatican. Original currently in the collection of the Vatican Museums, Rome, Italy.

This item was damaged in the fire in the Mackintosh Building on 23rd May 2014. It underwent conservation and consolidation work in 2016.

Plaster cast of Mercury

  • PC/014
  • Item
  • Mid 19th century-early 20th century

    • Part of Plaster Casts

Original: Greco-Roman attribution, shows Mercury God of merchandise and merchants, commonly identified with the Greek Hermes, fleet-footed messenger of the gods.

This item was damaged in the fire in the Mackintosh Building on 23rd May 2014. It underwent conservation and consolidation work in 2016.

Plaster cast of Boy of Subiaco

  • PC/021
  • Item
  • Mid 19th century-early 20th century

    • Part of Plaster Casts

This item was lost in the fire in The Mackintosh Building at The Glasgow School of Art on 15th June 2018.

Original: From the group of Niobe and her children at the Galleria Uffizi, Florence, Italy, originally found in Rome in 1583. Niobe boasted about her 14 children (the Niobids) to Leto, mother to only Artemis and Apollo. Leto demanded her children take revenge upon Niobe's hubris. Using arrows, Artemis killed Niobe's daughters and Apollo killed Niobe's sons. This cast shows one son cowering from the onslaught.

Plaster cast of Venus de Milo (Aphrodite of Milos)

  • PC/023A
  • Item
  • Mid 19th century-early 20th century

    • Part of Plaster Casts

This item was lost in the fire in The Mackintosh Building at The Glasgow School of Art on 15th June 2018.

Original: Created at some time between 130 and 100 BC, to revive pre-hellenistic ideas. It is believed to depict Aphrodite (Venus to the Romans) the Greek goddess of love and beauty. Original excavated in 1820 on the Island of Melos. Original currently in the collection of the Louvre, Paris, France.

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